شێخ مهحمودی حهفید
Published on November 10, 2010 by galikurd · 20 Comments
دامهزرێنهری یهكهمین حكومهتی كوردستان و قارهمانی شهڕی دهربهندی بازیان، شێخ مهحمودی حهفید كوڕی شێخ سهعیدی كوڕی شێخ محهمهده بچكۆلهی كوڕی حاجی كاك ئهحمهدی شێخه. ساڵی 1881 لهسلێمانی لهو بنهماڵه ئایینییه بهناوبانگه لهدایك بووه، دوای ههرهسهێنانی میرنشینی بابان دهسهڵاتی ئایینی و كۆمهڵایهتی و سیاسی كوردستانی كهوته دهست.
شێخ مهحمود بهمنداڵی خراوهته بهر خوێندن و مامۆستایانی وهك عهبدوڵا ئهفهندی و زێوهر دهرسیان پێوتوه. هێشتا منداڵ بووه كهلهخزمهتی باوكیدا سهردانی ئهستهمبوڵی كردووهو لهوێ سوڵتان عهبدولحهمیدی دووهم پێشوازی لێكردوون. ساڵی 1908 بهپیلانی تاقمی ئیتیحاد و تهرهقی لهشاری موسڵ شێخ سهعیدی باوكی و شێخ ئهحمهدی برای شههید كران و ئیتر ئهركی بهڕێوهبردنی كاروباری بنهماڵهكه ئهكهوێته ئهستۆی شێخ مهحمود كه لهو كارهساتهدا زۆر بهزهحمهت رزگاری بوو بوو.
شێخ مهحمودی حهفید وهك شهخسیهتێكی موسڵمان، ساڵی 1915بهشدارییهكی كاریگهری كرد له شهڕهكانی دهوڵهتی عوسمانیدا دژ بهئینگلیز لهناوچهكانی كوت و شوعهیبه و بهخۆی و چهند سهد سوارێكی كوردهوه بهرگرییهكی قارهمانانهیان نواند. ساڵی 1918 كاروباری شاری سلێمانی گرتهدهست و له مانگی مایسی ساڵی 1919 دا، نهبهردێكی گهورهی له دهربهندی بازیان دژی ئینگلیز تۆماركرد، لهو شهڕهدا شێخ بهبرینداری كهوته دهست ئینگلیز و لهدادگایهكی كارتۆنیدا حوكمی لهسێدارهدانی درا، بهڵام لهژێر گوشاری رای گشتی دا و لهترسی بهرپابوونی شۆڕشێكی گهورهی كورد، ئهو حوكمه گۆڕا به حوكمی ده ساڵ زیندانی و شێخ مهحمودیان دوور خستهوه بۆ هیندستان. ماوهی سێ ساڵی دوورخستنهوهی شێخ مهحمود بارودۆخی كوردستان و ناوچهكهی ئاڵۆز كرد، بۆیه ساڵی 1922 رێی پێ درا بگهڕێتهوه كوردستان و ههر ههمان ساڵ شێخی نهمر له سلێمانی حكومهتی كوردستانی دامهزراندو ههموو تواناكانی خۆی تهرخانكرد بۆ پتهوكردنی ئهو حكومهته، بهڵام سیاسهتی ئهو سهردهمهی گهوره هێزهكانی دنیا دژی ئامانجهكانی گهلی كورد بوون و ئینگلیز بهتهواوی پشتگیری له دهوڵهتی تازه دامهزراوی عێراق ئهكرد و لهشكركێشییان ئهكرده سهر كوردستان.
شێخ مهحمودی حهفید ماوهی چهند ساڵێك شهڕی پارتیزانی درێژه پێداو دوا جار له ئاكامی گهله كۆمهكێی هێزه ناوچهییهكان و هێزه گهورهكانی جیهان، شێخ مهحمود ساڵی 1926دهستی لهچالاكی سیاسی و عهسكهری ههڵگرت و لهگوندی پیران دانیشت. بهڵام كه راپهرینهكهی خهڵكی شاری سلێمانی لهرۆژی شهشی ئهیلولی ساڵی 1930 خڵتانی خوێن كرا، شێخ مهحمود دهستی دایهوه چالاكی دژ بههێزی ئینگلیز و هێزی حكومهتی ئهو سهردهمهی عێراق و چهند نهبهردێكی تۆمار كرد، لهوانه شهڕی ئاوباریك و شهڕی كهناروێ و شهڕی سورداش. بهڵام پارسهنگی هێزه عهسكهری و سیاسییهكانی ئهو سهردهمه لهبهرژهوهندی كورد دا نهبوون، بۆیه شێخ مهحمود لهساڵی 1931دا كهوته دهست دوژمنانی كورد و بهدهست بهسهری لهبهغدا و ناوچهكانی تری عێراقدا خرایه ژێر چاودێرییهوه. ساڵی 1941 و لهكاتی ههراكهی رهشید عالی گهیلانیدا شێخ مهحمود گهڕایهوه كوردستان و لهگوندی داریكهلی نیشتهجێ بوو، ئهم گهوره پیاوهی كورد جگه لهوهی كه جێ پهنجهی بهسهر ههموو رووداوهكانی ئهو سهردهمهی كوردستان و عێراقهوه ههیه، شهخسیهتێكی كۆمهڵایهتی گهورهش بوو. خوێندهوارێكی بهسهلیقهو شاعیرێكی بههرهداریش بوو. پێكهاتهو حكومهت و دهزگا ئیدارییهكانی تری شێخ مهحمود نیشانهی ئهوهن كه ئهم پیاوه ههڵكهوتووه بایهخی داوه به خهڵكی رۆشنبیر و زۆربهی ههره زۆری ئهفسهرو شاعیر و رۆشنبیرانی كورد پهیوهندییان بهشۆڕش و حكومهتهكهیهوه كردووه.
لهخهباتی پارتیزانیشدا رۆڵی خوێندهوار و رۆشنبیری بهرز نرخاندووه، بۆیه چاپخانهكهی رۆژنامهی (بانگی كوردستان)ی لهئهشكهوتی جاسهنهدا جێگیر كرد. بهههڵسهنگاندنی بارودۆخی ئهو سهردهمهی كوردستان و ناوچهكه ئهو راستییه ئاشكرا ئهبێت كهلهرووی ئیداریو عهسكهری و دیپلۆماسییهوه شێخ مهحمودی نهمر هیچی كهمتر نهبووه لهو پاشا و ئهمیرانهی كهلهدهورو پشتی كوردستاندا پشتگیرییان لێكراوه. ئهم شهخسیهته ناودارهی كورد رۆژی 9ی تشرینییهكهمی ساڵی 1956 له بهغدا كۆچی دوایی كرد. رێو رهسمی پێشوازیكردن لهتهرمهكهی و بهخاك سپاردنی ئهو تهرمه پیرۆزه بوونه پریشكی ههڵگیرسانهوهی راپهرین و خۆپیشاندان لهكوردستاندا. كۆچی دوایی شێخ مهحمودی حهفید زیانێكی گهورهی به بزوتنهوه ئازادیخوازییهكهی خهڵكی كوردستان گهیاند، بۆیه زوربهی شاعیران و نووسهرانی كورد شیعرو بهرههمییان بۆ نووسیوه.
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